The Central Geological Survey (CGS), under the Ministry of Economic Affairs (MOEA), is the only government agency responsible for geological survey and geoscience research. The fundamental includes geological survey, research, and compilation of geological map sheets that provide basic geological information. The Survey is also involved in investigations of environmental geology, hydrogeology,geological hazards, active faults, landslides, engineering geology, and mineral resources that are important to national economic and urban development and major construction projects.

- The Mission of the CGS
All of the research work is supported by laboratories well equipped with highly precise instruments. The CGS, aiming to provide important basic geoscience information, lends support to the nation's economic development and major construction projects as well as performing the duties of geological investigation across Taiwan.

- The Organization of CGS
The CGS was founded on November 20, 1978 to replace the Provincial Geological Survey of Taiwan and to enhance the functioning of a national geological survey. Since 2002, the CGS, under the leadership of the Director and Deputy Director, functions through six technical units: Planning Office, Regional Geology Division, Active Tectonics Division, Environmental & Engineering Geology Division, Geological Resources Division, and Geological Information Division. Administrative support is provided by the Secretarial Office, Accounting Office, Personnel Office, and Discipline Office.

- The Budget of CGS in 2005
The 2006 budget is estimated at NT$467 million. This year, co-financing for geological research and public service activities was at a rate of seventy-six percent (76%).